Application of A GIS and Geo-Statistical Analysis to Assess the Potential Environmental Risks in Stream Sediments Shwan Sub-Basin, Kirkuk, Northern Iraq (Case Study)

Fadia A. Majeed; Abbas R. Ali

doi:10.52716/jprs.v16i2.1100

المؤلفون

Fadia A. Majeed شركة نفط الشمال، وزارة النفط، كركوك، العراق.
Abbas R. Ali قسم الجيولوجيا التطبيقية، كلية العلوم، جامعة كركوك، كركوك، العراق.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.52716/jprs.v16i2.1100

الملخص

تم أخذ عينات من الرواسب النهرية الحديثة ضمن حوض شوان الثانوي، محافظة كركوك، شمالي العراق. في واحد وأربعين عينة من الرواسب، تمت دراسة العناصر الثقيلة المتمثلة بالكروم، والكوبالت، والكادميوم، والزرنيخ، والرصاص وتم استخدامها كمؤشر للتلوث من خلال تطبيق العديد من المعايير، مثل مخاطر التلوث البيئي (Er)، ومؤشر المخاطر (RI)، وعامل التلوث (CF)، ومؤشر التأثير الضار (AEI)، والوحدات السمية (Tus). تشير قيمة CF إلى أن الرواسب المدروسة كانت منخفضة التلوث بالرصاص، بينما كان مستوى التلوث بالكوبالت متوسطًا وملوثًا بشكل كبير بالكادميوم والكروم والزرنيخ. وبشكل عام، أشارت قيم درجات التلوث في جميع المواقع إلى أن عينات الرواسب كانت ذات مستويات تلوث متوسطة. بناءً على قيم Er وRI، تعكس جميع العناصر الثقيلة في المواقع المدروسة خطرًا بيئيًا معتدلًا. يرتبط الاتجاه المتزايد لقيم RI ارتباطًا وثيقًا بنمو الأنشطة البشرية، وخاصةً الأنشطة الزراعية، والتلوث الناجم عن حقول ومصافي النفط والغاز، مما يؤثر سلبًا على النظام البيئي للمنطقة. ووفقًا لمؤشر التأثير السلبي (AEI) ووحدات السمية ( Tus∑)، تشير القيم إلى التأثيرات المحتملة على الكائنات الحية نتيجةً لقيم محتوى الكادميوم والكروم في معظم عينات الرواسب المدروسة، مما يشير إلى أن الأشكال الترسيبية والسلوكية للرواسب المدروسة تعرضت لسمية معتدلة، مما يشير إلى سمية معتدلة للنظام البيئي.

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